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Greek Tortoise: Pictures, Facts, Diet & Care Guide

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By Nicole Cosgrove

greek tortoise walking on the ground

Are you considering adding a Greek Tortoise to your family? If so, you’re in for a treat. These charming creatures make fantastic pets and can bring endless joy and companionship to your life. But before you embark on this exciting journey of owning a Greek Tortoise, it’s crucial to understand the proper care and attention they require. In this guide, we’ll provide you with valuable insights on their habitat, diet, and overall well-being. So, whether you’re a first-time pet owner or a seasoned reptile enthusiast, read on to discover the secrets of providing the best care for your Greek Tortoise.

Size: Small to medium
Weight: Up to 4 pounds
Lifespan: 40–50 years
Suitable for: New or experienced pet owners look for a low-maintenance pet
Temperament: Friendly, easygoing, and interactive

Greek Tortoises are fascinating creatures that make for unique and captivating pets. These tortoises are known for their distinctive appearance, with their dome-shaped shells and sturdy legs. They have a calm and gentle demeanor, making them ideal companions for both adults and homes with kids. Also, Greek Tortoises are long-living animals, with some individuals living for over 50 years – and some reported up to 150 years. This longevity allows owners to form lasting and meaningful bonds with their pets. Overall, Greek Tortoises are interesting and cool pets that offer a unique experience for those looking to add a special companion to their lives.

Greek Tortoise Breed Characteristics

Energy
Trainability
Health
Lifespan
Sociability

How Much Do These Tortoises Cost?

greek tortoise crawls in the meadow
Image by: alfredhofer, Shutterstock

The cost of Greek tortoises can vary depending on a few different things, such as age, size (bigger tortoises cost more), and health of the tortoise. On average, a young Greek tortoise can cost anywhere from $100 to $300. However, rare color morphs or larger adults can command higher prices, ranging from $500 to $1,000 or more.

And let’s not forget about the other costs associated with taking care of these tortoises after you get them home. Tortoises require a proper enclosure with adequate space, heating, and lighting to thrive. The cost of setting up an appropriate habitat can range from a few hundred dollars to several thousand dollars, depending on the size and complexity of the enclosure.

Greek Tortoise Behavior

Greek Tortoises exhibit intriguing behaviors that make them a captivating pet choice for reptile enthusiasts. One interesting behavior of the Greek Tortoise is its ability to hibernate during the winter months. They dig burrows in the ground where they remain dormant until the weather becomes warmer. Another fascinating behavior of this breed is its tendency to bask in the sun. Greek Tortoises are ectothermic, meaning they rely on external heat sources to regulate their body temperature. They can often be seen soaking up the sun’s rays on rocks or other warm surfaces.

Do These Tortoises Make Good Pets?

They do. In terms of temperament, Greek tortoises are generally docile and calm. They’re not typically aggressive or prone to biting, making them suitable for handling by both adults and children. However, it’s important to note that tortoises are not as interactive or playful as other pets like cats or dogs. They are more inclined to spend their time hanging in the sun (or under a UVB tank light) or exploring their surroundings rather than seeking attention from their owners.

greek tortoise on male hands
Image by: Karelian, Shutterstock

Greek Tortoise Breed Tank Mates

When considering the best pets to house in the same tank with Greek tortoises, it’s important to choose animals that have similar habitat requirements and temperaments. One suitable option is the leopard gecko. Like Greek tortoises, leopard geckos are low-maintenance reptiles that require a similar temperature and humidity range. They also have a calm and docile nature, which makes them compatible tank mates for Greek tortoises.

Another potential companion for Greek tortoises is the African dwarf frog. These small little aquatic creatures are peaceful and can coexist with tortoises in the same enclosure. African dwarf frogs are excellent swimmers and will not disturb or bother the tortoises. They require a separate water area within the tank, as they are fully aquatic animals.

In addition to leopard geckos and African dwarf frogs, another suitable option for tankmates with Greek tortoises is the fire-bellied toad. These colorful amphibians thrive in similar environmental conditions as Greek tortoises.

Care Sheet & Setup

Light Requirements

In order to meet their light requirements, Greek tortoises need access to both UVB and UVA light. UVB light is important for the synthesis of vitamin D3, which is crucial for proper calcium absorption and bone development in these reptiles. UVA light, on the other hand, helps stimulate natural behaviors and promotes overall activity.

To provide the necessary light for Greek tortoises, it’s recommended to use full-spectrum lighting specifically designed for reptiles. This type of lighting emits both UVB and UVA rays, mimicking natural sunlight. The lighting should be positioned overhead and placed within a suitable distance from the tortoise enclosure to ensure proper exposure. It’s important to note that the intensity and duration of light exposure should be based on the specific needs of the Greek tortoise species being kept.

In addition to providing appropriate lighting, it is crucial to create a suitable habitat for Greek tortoises that allows for basking areas. Basking spots should be provided within the enclosure where the tortoise can access direct light and heat. This allows the tortoise to thermoregulate by moving closer or farther away from the light source as needed. The temperature gradient within the enclosure is essential for Greek tortoises to maintain their body temperature effectively.

greek tortoise walking towards a rock
Image by: Karelian, Shutterstock

Tank Size

The tank size for Greek tortoises should be large enough for them to stroll around, hide, bask in lighting areas, and provide them with a comfortable living environment. So ideally though, the tank size for a Greek tortoise should be at least four times the length of the tortoise’s shell. This allows them to move freely and engage in natural behaviors such as walking, digging, and basking. The width and height of the tank should also be sufficient to allow for easy movement and stretching. It’s important to remember that a cramped living space can lead to stress and even health issues in Greek tortoises.

Providing a larger tank size allows for the inclusion of different enrichments such as hiding spots, basking areas, and even live plants. These kinds of enrichments not only make the tank more visually appealing but also provide opportunities for mental stimulation and physical exercise for the tortoise.


Water Temperature

Greek tortoises are terrestrial creatures, meaning that they really only need water to drink and cool themselves off. These tortoises are native to the Mediterranean region and thrive in warm climates. In their natural habitat, the water temperature is typically around 80 degrees Fahrenheit. So, it’s recommended to maintain the water temperature in their enclosure within a similar range. This can be achieved by using a submersible aquarium heater and regularly monitoring the temperature using a reliable thermometer. So, ensure that the water isn’t too hot or too cold, as extreme temperatures can be detrimental to the health of these tortoises.

greek tortoise walking towards a container with water
Image by: Super8, Shutterstock

Plants

While some tortoises may benefit from having plants in their enclosure, others may not interact with them or may even consume them. Also, the type of plants chosen should be non-toxic and safe for tortoises to consume, as they may nibble on them. You also want to ensure that the plants are kept in a way that doesn’t obstruct the tortoise’s movement or provide hiding places where they may become trapped.


Substrate

Greek tortoises are native to rocky and arid habitats, so you’ll want to try to replicate this environment as closely as possible in their tank. One suitable substrate option is a mix of sand and soil, which allows for proper drainage and mimics the natural terrain. Another alternative is a combination of coconut coir (which is really popular for these tortoises) and cypress mulch, which provides a soft and natural feel while still allowing for burrowing.

close up of a greek tortoise
Image by: Erni, Shutterstock

Filtration

Greek tortoises require clean and clear water to thrive, so a reliable filtration system is essential. So, one option is to use a combination of mechanical and biological filtration. Mechanical filtration involves using a filter media, like foam or filter pads, to physically remove debris and waste from the water. This helps to keep the enclosure clean and prevents any build-up of harmful substances. Biological filtration, on the other hand, utilizes beneficial bacteria to break down organic waste and convert harmful ammonia into less toxic forms.

turtle divider AH

Things to Know When Owning a Greek Tortoise

Food & Diet Requirements

Greek tortoises have specific dietary requirements that need to be met in order for them to thrive. These tortoises are herbivores, and they should be offered a variety of leafy greens such as collard greens, broccoli, dandelion greens, shredded carrots, and kale. These greens should make up the bulk of their diet. Additionally, Greek tortoises can also be fed a variety of vegetables including tortoise pellets, squash, and bell peppers. They can have fruits, but they should only be offered as an occasional treat, they shouldn’t make up a significant portion of their diet.

male hand feeding the greek tortoise
Image by: Super8, Shutterstock

Lifespan and Health Conditions

These tortoises generally live about 50 to 60 years but have been known to live up to 125 years. They live longer when in captivity and if taken care of properly.

Minor Conditions
  • Shell rot
  • Parasite infestations
Serious Conditions
  • Respiratory infections
  • Metabolic bone disease
  • Gastrointestinal issues

Respiratory Infections

One of the most common health issues for Greek tortoises is respiratory infections. These infections can be caused by a variety of factors, including poor ventilation, low temperatures, or exposure to drafts. Signs of respiratory infections in Greek tortoises include wheezing, coughing, and discharge from the nose or mouth. If left untreated, respiratory infections can become serious and even fatal for these reptiles.

Metabolic Bone Disease

This condition occurs when the tortoise’s diet lacks essential nutrients like calcium and vitamin D3, leading to weak bones and shell deformities. Signs of metabolic bone disease in Greek tortoises include soft or deformed shells, difficulty walking or climbing, and fractures. Providing a balanced diet that includes calcium-rich foods and exposure to natural sunlight or UVB lighting can help prevent metabolic bone disease in these reptiles.

greek tortoise on the grass
Image by: Evgeny Haritonov, Shutterstock

Gastrointestinal Issues

These reptiles can experience digestive problems such as constipation or impaction. This can occur when the tortoise consumes inappropriate or indigestible items, such as rocks or substrate. Signs of gastrointestinal issues in Greek tortoises include loss of appetite, bloating, and difficulty passing stool. Providing a proper diet and ensuring the tortoise’s enclosure is free from potentially harmful objects can help prevent gastrointestinal issues.

Shell Rot

Another common health issue for Greek tortoises is shell rot. Shell rot is a fungal or bacterial infection that affects the shell of the tortoise. It often occurs when the shell is damaged or injured, providing an entry point for the bacteria or fungus. Signs of shell rot in these tortoises include soft spots or discoloration on the shell, foul odor, and swelling or inflammation. If left untreated, shell rot can cause significant damage to the tortoise’s shell and health overall. Proper hygiene and regular cleaning of the tortoise’s enclosure can help prevent shell rot.

Parasite Infestations

Parasite infestations are also another common health issue for Greek tortoises. These reptiles can be affected by internal parasites such as worms or external parasites such as ticks or mites. Parasite infestations can cause weight loss, lethargy, diarrhea, or changes in appetite in Greek tortoises. Regular fecal examinations and preventative treatments can help control parasite infestations in these reptiles.

Male vs Female

One of the most obvious differences between male and female Greek tortoises is their size. Generally, males actually tend to be smaller than females. Adult males typically measure around 6–8 inches in length, while females can actually reach up to 10–12 inches. This size difference is believed to be related to the reproductive roles of each gender, with females needing more space for egg development.

Coloration is another aspect where male and female Greek tortoises differ. Males often have brighter and more vibrant shells compared to females. The males’ shells can display patterns of yellow, orange, and red, whereas females tend to have more subdued colors.

The 3 Little-Known Facts About Greek Tortoises

1. Greek tortoises live for a long time.

These reptiles can live up to 50 years or even longer in captivity. This makes them great pets for those who are looking for a long-term companion. But you also want to make sure you have the ability to care for them for that long.


2. Greek tortoises are herbivores.

Greek tortoises are herbivores. They have a diet consisting mainly of plants and vegetables. Their favorite foods include grasses, dandelion leaves, and various fruits and vegetables.


3. Greek tortoises are excellent diggers.

They have strong front legs and sharp claws that allow them to dig burrows in the ground. These burrows serve as a place for them to hide from predators and regulate their body temperature.

greek tortoise coming out from the ground it dug
Image by: Florian Teodor, Shutterstock

Final Thoughts

Greek tortoises can make awesome pets for owners that are willing to provide them with the care that they need and do it for quite some time – as they have a relatively long lifespan. These reptiles have specific care requirements and can live for several decades. While they aren’t that big, they do require a tank big enough for them to walk around comfortably and daily food in the form of vegetation to stay healthy. You also need to provide them with UVB lighting and substrate to keep the humidity, temperature, and flooring comfortable for these tortoises. Overall, it’s best to consider all their needs before committing to owning one.


Featured Image Credit: Erni, Shutterstock

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