20 Dog Breeds Built to Have the Strongest Bite Force: What the Science Says

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It can be really scary to hear about people and other animals getting bitten by a domestic dog. Unfortunately, dogs bite for many reasons: they get provoked, have a history of abuse, have not been socialized, or are scared. Whatever the reason, it is a bad situation for all involved.
Normally, when people think about dogs that bite, Pit Bulls come to mind due to their use in cruel dog fighting. Their muscular jaws and thick necks greatly impact their bite force. But what other dog breeds have the strongest bite force? Read on to learn more about how science determines bite force.
An Important Note About Measuring Bite Force
There is some information about the bite force of certain breeds. However, some of those facts and numbers might not be entirely accurate. Additionally, figures that state the bite force in PSI, which is not commonly used. Using Newtons to show pressure is more common. Overall, bite force measurements of domesticated dogs have not been widely studied.
However, there is one study done on the bite force of police dogs in Europe 1. The German Shepherd and Belgian Malinois were used in the study. They ran 25 meters and bit down on their trainers’ sleeves, which were fitted with three force sensors. After a few tests were done, the bite force was recorded in Newtons, with the German Shepherd’s median bite force was recorded as 360.4 N, and the Malinois’ being 247.0 N.
To better understand what those numbers mean, we can use the African lion as an example. A study on that animal’s bite force was published in the Journal of Experimental Biology and stated that lions’ canine bite force was 1,104–1,483 N, and the incisor bite force was 1,594 N 2. So, if you see any article claiming that certain breeds have a bite force of 3,000 N (roughly 700 PSI), you know things might not add up!
The 20 Dog Breeds Built to Have the Strongest Bite Force
To put together our list, we looked at a few things:
- Body size and skull size
- Muzzle length and width
- Neck strength and stability
- Masseter and temporalis muscle mass (the muscles controlling the jaw)
- Occlusion of teeth (teeth that line up normally)
These physical characteristics will contribute greatly to bite force. So, the breeds on our list share these characteristics.
1. Japanese Tosa
- Maximum weight: 200 pounds
The dog breed we believe has the strongest bite force is the Japanese Tosa. This rare breed was used for fighting because of their large muzzle, muscular frame, and overall size. Now, the dogs are used as guardians for families and property. They are not recommended for people with other dogs or pets because the Tosa could cause serious damage if a fight does happen. This is part of the reason why this breed is banned in the UK.
2. Boerboel
- Maximum weight: 200 pounds
Next on this list is the Boerboel. This South African breed was used on farms to protect livestock from wild predators. Stories say that these dogs were powerful enough to bring down lions, but we think perhaps they could only attack smaller predators. Regardless, since the Boerboel was used for protection, we surmise that they have a strong bite force. Their physical features also contribute to the power of their bite.
3. Tibetan Mastiff
- Maximum weight: 150 pounds
The Tibetan Mastiff is an impressive-looking canine, resembling a lion and a wolf at the same time! Due to their stout muzzle and weight, their bite can cause damage. Despite this fact, legend says that these dogs were monks and nuns in a previous life who did not ascend to the afterlife.
4. Neopolitan Mastiff
- Maximum weight: 150 pounds
Another Mastiff makes our list of breeds with the assumed strongest bite force. Mastiffs are recognized for their huge heads, thick necks, and powerful bodies, thus making the Neopolitan Mastiff possibly possessing one of the strongest bite forces of domesticated dogs. They have been used as guardians and protectors for hundreds of years.
5. Kangal
- Maximum weight: 145 pounds
The Kangal, also known as the Anatolian Shepherd, often comes up as the breed with the most powerful bite force, measuring at over 740 PSI (roughly 3,000 N). While the Kangal’s bite force is not anywhere near that high, it is still probably one of the strongest of the domesticated dog breeds in terms of bite force. It is not the first strongest on this list because the Kangal’s muzzle is longer.
6. Dogo Argentino
- Maximum weight: 120 pounds
Dogo Argentino is another Mastiff-type canine, although they resemble Pit Bulls. An Argentine breed, they were bred by Dr. Antonio Nores Martinez in the 1920s. He wanted a strong hunting dog, large enough to attack large animals like boars and mountain lions. The Dogo Argentino, unfortunately, is banned in the UK because of its potential to be aggressive.
7. Fila Brasileiro
- Maximum weight: 110 pounds
The Fila Brasileiro, also known as the Brazilian Mastiff, makes this list for their size, muzzle shape, and the English translation of the breed’s name. “Cão de fila” (fila dog) means “catch dog,” indicating that this breed bites down and does not let go of whatever they are after. This is why they were used to attack jaguars that came close to livestock or property. Sadly, they were also used to hunt down enslaved people. This dog has been banned from a few countries.
8. Presa Canario
- Maximum weight: 110 pounds
The origin of the Presa Canario begins on the Canary Islands, serving as guard dogs for cattle and attacking stray dogs. Like the Fila Brasileiro, it was a catch dog. This, unfortunately, made it ideal for dog fighting. Dog fighting was banned on the Canary Islands in the 1940s, so this dog is now used as a guard dog, like so many other Mastiff-type breeds.
9. Cane Corso
- Maximum weight: 110 pounds
Currently, this is quite a well-known Italian breed due to their intimidating stature, as their looks have helped them be guard dogs for centuries. However, the Cane Corso’s popularity declined during World War II, like some other breeds. But dog fanciers recognized the Cane Corso’s loyal and friendly nature and helped this breed become internationally known.
10. Dogue de Bordeaux
- Maximum weight: 110 pounds
The Dogue de Bordeaux is a well-known old French breed, recognized for their Bulldog-like facial features and their coat colors. This breed comes in red, fawn, mahogany, and isabella. They are known to have a sweet-temperament but can be very protective when needed. The Dogue de Bordeaux has an incredibly muscular head, contributing to the impact of their bite force.
11. Rottweiler
- Maximum weight: 135 pounds
The Rottweiler is an easily recognized breed, with their black and rust or tan coats. Unfortunately, they have a poor reputation in the United States due to the fact that they are often used in dog fights. Their square heads and large muzzles make their bites quite powerful. Thankfully, people are realizing that Rotties who have not been trained to fight are sweet and loving.
12. Bullmastiff
- Maximum weight: 130 pounds
Often called “The Gamekeeper’s Night Dog”, the Bullmastiff were bred to protect land against poachers. Their intelligence and strong jaws made them a challenge to fight. Commonly, dogs like these are used for protection and guardians. These days, their intimidating physique is overshadowed by their loyalty and dedication to their owners.
13. American Bulldog
- Maximum weight: 100 pounds
Not to be confused with the English Bulldog, the American Bulldog is taller and has a slightly longer muzzle, allowing them to have a stronger bite. Their muscular body contributes to the power of their bite force. It also allows them to jump impressive distances. They were originally bred as cattle dogs, but now they are clownish family companions.
14. American Pit Bull Terrier
- Maximum weight: 65 pounds
Despite this dog being one of the lightest on the list, they are often the ones that get targeted as being the most aggressive. Unfortunately, their physical features make their bite very strong and destructive—hence why they are involved in dog fighting rings. The name “Pit Bull” is often synonymous with “dog fights”. Pit Bull Terriers are not actually a recognized breed. However, when socialized properly, these dogs are lovable and gentle.
15. Leonberger
- Maximum weight: 170 pounds
Although the Leonberger has a narrower muzzle than the Mastiff types we have on this list, they are still a powerful breed. They can weigh as much as a full-grown adult! Their size, combined with their protective nature, contributes to their bite force. Although they were bred to be watchdogs, these fluffy giants make excellent companions.
16. Alano Espanol (Spanish Bulldog)
- Maximum weight: 110 pounds
The Spanish Bulldog had many purposes, from a war dog to protecting livestock and for hunting. It was also used in bull baiting. As that “sport” prohibited the use of dogs in 1880, the breed saw a sharp decline in numbers. What sets this dog breed apart from the others used for bull baiting is that they worked in packs of their own kind and were loyal to people. However, they have a distrust for other dogs, meaning they could engage in fighting.
17. Rhodesian Ridgeback
- Maximum weight: 85 pounds
The next breed on this list might be a surprise to some people because of their jaw structure. The Rhodesian Ridgeback is a lot narrower than most of the other breeds on this list. However, its history is rooted in southern Africa as they were used to hunt down wild predators that posed a risk to villages and livestock.
18. Staffordshire Bull Terrier
- Maximum weight: 50 pounds
The Staffordshire Bull Terrier is often confused with the American Pit Bull Terrier. To the untrained eye, both dogs have physical characteristics, so it is an honest mistake. Unfortunately, due to their similar physique, Staffordshire Bull Terriers are used in dog fights. Their muscular heads and wide muzzles mean they will have an intense bite force.
19. German Shepherd
- Maximum weight: 90 pounds
The German Shepherd is one breed whose bite we have a solid idea of, as they were used in a scientific study recording the numbers. Surprisingly, German Shepherds are at the bottom of the list. We believe this is due to their narrower muzzles. While they weigh more than American Pit Bulls and Staffordshire Bull Terriers, they lack the muscle mass and wide jaws that impact the strength of their bite force.
20. Belgian Malinois
- Maximum weight: 80 pounds
Last on our list is the Belgian Malinois. Based on the study discussed earlier in the article, this is the second breed whose bite force we know. We estimate that the Belgian Malinois’ bite force is stronger than the average dog, but due to their narrow facial structure, the impact of the bite is less than that of Mastiff and Pit Bull-type breeds.
Why Do Dogs Bite? 4 Main Reasons
Now that we have reviewed the breeds we believe have the strongest bite force, let’s discuss why dogs bite. There are a few reasons why a dog would bite someone.
1. Lack of Socialization
Socializing dogs is essential for them to interact with other dogs and people. A dog that is scared or anxious around others might lash out.
2. Traumatic Past
Sadly, dogs who have been abused and mistreated might be extremely scared around unknown people. Fearing abuse might lead them to bite someone—even if that person was just approaching to pet them. Abused dogs associate people with pain.
3. They Are Provoked
If a dog is provoked, they might bite. Never tease a dog or any animal as they could lash out due to the frustration. Additionally, always watch children and toddlers around dogs. Younger kids do not understand that pulling on a dog’s ears or tails is painful, and the dog might respond by biting.
4. Trained to Be a Fighting Dog
We mentioned dog fighting a few times in this article. Dogs who have been trained to fight others could lash out at any moment. While there have been incidences of fighting dogs being resocialized and living safely amongst others, some dogs are too far gone.
Conclusion
This list shows how physical features and bred purpose are major factors in determining bite force. It is not a list of dogs most likely to bite. It is also important to note that this list was created based on scientific research and presumptions based on the breed’s cranial structure, muscle mass, and how they were used historically.
It is also important to note that just because a dog potentially has a strong bite force, this does not mean they cannot make wonderful pets and companions. Socializing dogs is essential. Never leave your young children unattended with a dog—even briefly. Before adopting, learn as much as possible about the dog’s history and experience with people.
Featured Image Credit: Dmitriev Mikhail, Shutterstock